To make sure Caller ID is enabled on your iPhone you need to:
Step 1: Enable Call Blocking and Identification
Please enable all switches for Truecaller in iPhone Settings > Phone > Call Blocking & Identification
If you’re unable to find the Truecaller settings under Call Blocking & Identification, don’t worry, this happens once in a while.
This is an issue we’ve seen on certain versions of iOS and we’ve reported the same to Apple. In most cases, this issue fixes itself and starts working when you try again in a few hours.
If the issue persists for more than 1 day, please try the following:
Force quit iPhone Settings app
Uninstall Truecaller
Restart your device
Reinstall Truecaller